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Make America Great Again Without Again

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American entrada slogan

Trump'due south "Brand America Great Again!" sign used during his 2016 presidential campaign before Trump selected Mike Pence every bit his vice presidential running mate

"Make America Great Again" or MAGA ()[a] is a campaign slogan used in American politics popularized by Donald Trump in his successful 2016 presidential entrada. Ronald Reagan used the similar slogan "Permit's Make America Great Again" in his successful 1980 presidential entrada. Bill Clinton also used the phrase in speeches during his successful 1992 presidential campaign and used it again in a radio commercial aired for his wife Hillary Clinton'southward unsuccessful 2008 presidential primary entrada. Douglas Schoen has called Trump's apply of the phrase "probably the most resonant campaign slogan in recent history", citing majorities of Americans who believed that the country was in decline.[two] [three]

The slogan became a pop culture phenomenon, seeing widespread use and spawning numerous variants in the arts, entertainment and politics, being used past those who back up and oppose the presidency of Donald Trump.

Since its popularization in the 2010s, the slogan is considered a loaded phrase. Multiple analytic journalists, scholars, and commentators link information technology to racism in the United States, regarding it as dog-whistle politics and coded language.[4] [v] [half dozen] [seven] The slogan was also at the center of two events originally reported inaccurately in most media outlets, the Jussie Smollett attack hoax and the January 2019 Lincoln Memorial confrontation.[8] [9] [10] [11]

Use before Donald Trump [edit]

Alexander Wiley [edit]

The phrase was first used by Republican senator Alexander Wiley in a spoken language at the third session of the 76th United states Congress in anticipation of the 1940 United states presidential ballot: "What is the manner? Here is America. There are 130,000,000 of us. America needs a leader who tin coordinate labor, capital letter, and management; who can give the homo of enterprise encouragement, who tin can give them the spirit which will beget vision. That volition make America cracking again."[12]

Barry Goldwater [edit]

The slogan was found in some advertizing associated with Barry Goldwater's unsuccessful 1964 presidential campaign.[13]

Ronald Reagan [edit]

"Permit'south brand America corking again" was famously used in Ronald Reagan's 1980 presidential entrada. At the time the United States was suffering from a worsening economy at home marked by stagflation and Reagan, using the state'due south economic distress as a springboard for his campaign, used the slogan to stir a sense of patriotism amid the electorate.[14] [15] [16] [17] Within his acceptance speech communication at the 1980 Republican National Convention, Reagan said, "For those without job opportunities, we'll stimulate new opportunities, particularly in the inner cities where they alive. For those who've abandoned hope, we'll restore hope and nosotros'll welcome them into a great national crusade to make America bully once again."[18] [19]

Bill Clinton [edit]

The phrase was also used in speeches[xx] by Beak Clinton during his 1992 presidential campaign.[21] Clinton also used the phrase in a radio commercial aired for Hillary Clinton's 2008 presidential principal entrada.[22]

During the 2016 electoral campaign, Clinton suggested that Trump'due south version, used as a campaign rallying cry, was a message to white Southerners that Trump was promising to "give yous an economy you had l years ago, and... move you lot dorsum up on the social totem pole and other people downwardly."[23]

Christine O'Donnell [edit]

Christine O'Donnell's book about her unsuccessful 2010 bid as the Republican nominee for a U.s.a. Senate seat in Delaware was published past St. Martin's Printing on August 16, 2011, every bit Troublemaker: Let'southward Practise What It Takes to Make America Great Again.[24]

Use past Donald Trump [edit]

Donald Trump wearing a "Make America Great Again" cap during his 2016 presidential campaign

In December 2011, Trump made a argument in which he said he was unwilling to rule out running as a presidential candidate in the future, explaining "I must leave all of my options open up because, above all else, we must brand America swell again."[25] Also in December 2011, he published a book using as a subtitle the similar phrase "Making America #one Again" – which in a 2015 reissue was changed to "Make America Great Once more!"[26]

Trump popularized the slogan "Make America Cracking Once more" past stitching it onto his widely distributed cap

On Jan 1, 2012, a group of Trump supporters filed paperwork with the Texas Secretary of Land's office to create the "Make America Great Once again Political party", which would take allowed Trump to be that political party'south nominee if he had decided to become a tertiary-party candidate in the 2012 presidential election.[27] Trump himself began using the slogan formally on November 7, 2012, the day after Barack Obama won his reelection against Hand Romney. By his ain account, Trump first considered "We Will Brand America Corking", just did not feel like it had the correct "ring" to information technology. "Make America Dandy" was his adjacent slogan idea, only upon further reflection, he felt that information technology was a slight to America because it implied that America was never great. After selecting "Brand America Great Again", Trump immediately had an attorney register it. (Trump later on said he was unaware of Reagan's use in 1980 until 2015, only noted that "he didn't trademark it.")[28] On Nov 12 he signed an application with the United States Patent and Trademark Office requesting exclusive rights to use the slogan for political purposes. It was registered every bit a service marking on July 14, 2015, after Trump formally began his 2016 presidential campaign and demonstrated that he was using the slogan for the purpose stated on the application.[29] [28] [thirty] Trump used the slogan in public as early as Baronial 2013, in an interview with Jonathan Karl.[31]

Banner displaying "Vote To Brand America Peachy Once more" on a roadside in California shortly subsequently the November 2016 election

Trump wearing a "Keep America Corking" hat in December 2019

During the 2016 campaign, Trump often used the slogan, especially by wearing hats emblazoned with the phrase in white letters, which soon became pop among his supporters.[32] The slogan was then important to the campaign that at 1 betoken it spent more on making the hats – sold for $25 each on its website – than on polling, consultants, or television commercials. Millions were sold, and Trump estimated that counterfeit versions outnumbered the real chapeau ten to i. "...merely it was a slogan, and every fourth dimension somebody buys 1, that'south an advertising."[28]

Post-obit Trump's ballot, the website of his presidential transition was established at greatagain.gov.[33] Trump said in 2017 and 2018 that the slogan of his 2020 reelection campaign would be "Keep America Bully" and he sought to trademark it.[28] [34] Notwithstanding, Trump's 2020 campaign connected to use the "Make America Great Again" slogan.[35] Trump'due south vice president, Mike Pence, used the phrase "make America great again, again" in his 2020 Republican National Convention speech, garnering ridicule and comparisons to the catchphrase "again-once again" from Teletubbies.[36] [37] In tardily 2021, this phrase became the name of a pro-Trump Super-PAC, which was also mocked.[38]

Less than a week later on Trump left office, he spoke to advisors virtually perhaps establishing a 3rd political party, which he suggested might exist named either the "Patriot Party" or "Make America Great Again Party". In his first few days out of role, he likewise supported Arizona state party chairwoman Kelli Ward, who as well called for the creation of a "MAGA Party". In tardily January 2021, the former president viewed the proposed MAGA Party as leverage to prevent Republican senators from voting to convict him during the Senate impeachment trial, and to field challengers to Republicans who voted for his impeachment in the Business firm.[39] [40]

[edit]

Donald Trump took the entrada slogan to social media (primarily to Twitter), using the hashtags #makeamericagreatagain and its acronym #maga. In response to criticism regarding his frequent and untraditional usage of social media, Trump defended himself by tweeting "My use of social media is not Presidential – it'south MODERN DAY PRESIDENTIAL. Brand America Great Over again!" on July 1, 2017.[41]

In the offset half of 2017, Trump repeated his slogan on Twitter 33 times.[42] In an article for Bloomberg News, Mark Whitehouse noted "A regression analysis suggests the phrase adds (very roughly) 51,000 to a postal service'due south retweet-and-favorite count, which is important given that the boilerplate Trump tweet attracts a total of 107,000."[42]

Trump attributed his victory (in part) to social media when he said "I won the 2016 election with interviews, speeches, and social media."[43] According to RiteTag,[44] the estimated hourly statistics for #maga on Twitter alone include: one,304 unique tweets, 5,820,000 hashtag exposure, and 3,424 retweets with 14% of #maga tweets including images, 55% including links, and 51% including mentions.[44]

Donald Trump set up his Twitter business relationship in March 2009. His follower-count increased significantly following the announcement (June 16, 2015) of his intention to run for president in the 2016 presidential ballot, with particularly notable spikes occurring after his securing the Republican Party nomination (May 3, 2016) and later on winning the presidency.[45]

Accusations of racism [edit]

Regarding its utilize since 2015, information technology is considered a loaded phrase. Marissa Melton, a Vocalisation of America journalist, among others,[5] [6] explained how it is a loaded phrase because it "doesn't just appeal to people who hear it as racist coded language, just also to those who have felt a loss of status as other groups have become more empowered."[iv] As Sarah Churchwell explains, the slogan now resonates equally America Commencement did in the early on 1940s, with the idea "that the true version of America is the America that looks like me, the American fantasy I imagine existed before it was diluted with other races and other people."[46]

Writing opinion for the Los Angeles Times, Robin Abcarian wrote that "[w]earing a 'Make America Peachy Again' hat is not necessarily an overt expression of racism. But if y'all wear one, information technology's a pretty good indication that you share, admire or capeesh President Trump's racist views almost Mexicans, Muslims and border walls."[half dozen] The Detroit Free Press and the Los Angeles Times reported how several of their readers rejected this label and did not believe the slogan or MAGA hats are evidence of racism, seeing them more in patriotic or American nationalist terms.[47] [48] Nicholas Goldberg described the slogan as "fabled", writing: "It was vague enough to appeal to optimists more often than not, while leaving enough of room for bitter and resentful voters to conclude that we were finally going back to the days when they ran the world."[49] Polling has shown that almost ten pct of black voters identified as Trump supporters,[50] [ not-primary source needed ] while nigh thirty pct of Hispanic voters identified as Trump supporters.[51] [ better source needed ]

Australian political commentator and former Liberal party leader John Hewson writes in Jan 2018 that he believes the recent global movements against traditional politics and politicians are based on racism and prejudice. He comments: "There should be picayune incertitude nearly US President Donald Trump's views on race, despite his occasional 'denials', assertions of 'fake news', and/or his semantic distinctions. His election campaign theme was effectively a hope to 'Make America Dandy Again; America First and Only' and—nod, nod, flash, wink—to Make America White Again."[52]

Utilise by others [edit]

In politics [edit]

Political commentator and author Peter Beinart published a 2006 volume titled The Expert Fight: Why Liberals – and Only Liberals – Tin can Win the War on Terror and Brand America Great Again [53] cartoon on the philosophy of theologian Reinhold Niebuhr later the Invasion of Iraq and early years of the War on Terror. In 2011, Christine O'Donnell published a book about her Republican Senate campaign in the 2010 Delaware special election titled Troublemaker: Let's Do What It Takes To Make America Great Again.[54]

Later Donald Trump popularized the use of the phrase, the phrase and modifications of information technology were widely used in reference both to his election campaign and to his politics. Trump's master opponents, Ted Cruz and Scott Walker, began using "Make America Great Again" in speeches, inciting Trump to ship terminate-and-desist letters to them.[28] Cruz later on sold hats featuring, "Brand Trump Debate Again", in response to Trump's boycotting the Iowa January 28, 2016 debate.[55] The phrase has also been parodied in political statements, such as "Make America Mexico Again", a critique of Trump'due south immigration policies regarding the U.Due south.–Mexico border.[56] [57]

Use past political rivals [edit]

New York Governor Andrew Cuomo said America "was never that great" during a September 2018 beak signing.[58] [59] Former US Attorney General Eric Holder questioned the slogan in a March 2019 interview on MSNBC, asking: "Exactly when did you think America was cracking?"[60] [61] During John McCain'southward memorial service on September 1, 2018, his daughter Meghan stated: "The America of John McCain has no demand to exist made dandy once more because America was always dandy."[62] Trump afterwards tweeted "Make AMERICA GREAT AGAIN!" afterward that day.[63]

Use past hate groups [edit]

A 2018 written report using text mining and semantic network analytics of Twitter text and hashtags networks institute that the "#MakeAmericaGreatAgain" and "#MAGA" hashtags were unremarkably used by white supremacist and white nationalist users, and had been used every bit "an organizing discursive space" for far-correct extremists globally.[64]

Other countries [edit]

In June 2017, Emmanuel Macron, President of French republic, rebuked Trump over withdrawing from the Paris Agreement. The last judgement of the speech communication delivered past him was "make our planet great over again."[65]

During his campaign for the 2019 Indonesian presidential election in October 2018, onetime opposition leader Prabowo Subianto used the phrase "make Indonesia great again", though he denied having copied Trump.[66]

During the Swedish European Parliament election in May 2019, the Swedish Christian Autonomous Political party used the slogan "Make EU Lagom Again".[67] [68]

February 2019 Fridays for Future protestation in Berlin with the line "Make Earth Greta Over again"

Members of the Fridays for Future Movement take often used slogans like "Brand Globe Greta Again", referring to activist Greta Thunberg.[69] In 2019, Grant Armour and Milene Larsson co-directed a documentary film named Make the Earth Greta Again.[70]

In popular culture [edit]

Rap-rock supergroup Prophets of Rage displaying a "Make America Rage Once again" phase backdrop reminiscent of the "Brand America Great Again" catchphrase as it appears on a MAGA lid

The phrase and its variants are widely used and parodied in media.

Adult entertainment [edit]

  • Adult movie star Stormy Daniels, who allegedly had an matter with President Trump, took part in a "Make America Horny Again" strip club tour. The tour followed Trump's initial 2016 campaign trail and role of the acquirement was donated to Planned Parenthood.[71]

Advert [edit]

  • A Dunk-a-roos marketing entrada used the slogan "Make America Dunk Again".[72]

Artwork [edit]

  • Make Everything Great Again was a street art mural by artist Mindaugas Bonanu in Vilnius, Republic of lithuania.[73] [74]

One-act [edit]

  • Comedian David Cantankerous's 2016 stand-up tour was titled "Making America Corking Again".[75]

Conventions and events [edit]

  • In 2016, ii Dragon Con cosplayers claiming an association with Adult Swim and Drawing Network, and dressed every bit the World Trade Center during the September 11 attacks, wore "Brand FishCenter Dandy Once again" hats.[76] [77] [78]

Fashion [edit]

  • Mode Designer Andre Soriano used the "Make America Great Again" Official presidential campaign Flag to design a MAGA Gown for celebrities in Hollywood to wearable on Ruddy Carpet e.g. 2017 Grammy Awards.[79]

Films [edit]

  • In Hot Fuzz (2007), Inspector Frank Butterman says "Make Sandford Cracking Again" to Sergeant Nicholas Affections.[80]
  • In Holmes & Watson (2018), Sherlock Holmes wears a "Make England Dandy Again" fez chapeau in ane scene.[81]
  • The Syfy film Sharknado 5: Global Swarming (2017) was released with the tagline "Make America Bait Over again".[82]
  • The tagline for The Purge: Ballot Year (2016) is "Keep America Great" (a phrase Trump would later apply every bit his 2020 campaign slogan); 1 of the Telly spots for the film featured Americans who explained why they back up the Purge, with ane stating he does so "to go on my country [America] nifty".[83] The next film in the franchise, The Beginning Purge, was later on advertised with a affiche featuring its title stylized on a MAGA hat.[84]
  • The character Paul in Da 5 Bloods is an avid Trump supporter and sports a MAGA hat throughout the picture show.[85]

Games [edit]

  • In Assassin'due south Creed Odyssey (2018), Cleon says "Make Athens Keen Once again" during his campaign confronting Pericles.
  • In the video game Mortal Kombat xi (2019), Shao Kahn urges Mortal Kombateleven newcomer Kollector to "make Outworld great again".
  • The video game Wolfenstein: The New Colossus (2017) used "Brand America Nazi-Costless Again" in its marketing campaign.[86]
  • In Metal Gear Ascension: Revengeance (2013), Senator Steven Armstrong uses the phrase "Make America Keen Again" during his voice communication while contesting Raiden.[87]

Music [edit]

  • Fall Out Boy released a remix of their anthology American Dazzler/American Psycho titled Make America Psycho Again.[88]
  • Rapper Kevin Gates released a vocal in 2018 called Thousand.A.T.A, meaning Make America Trap Again.[89]
  • Brand America Rock Again was a rock concert bout.[90]
  • Rap rock supergroup Prophets of Rage, consisting of members of Rage Confronting the Motorcar, Public Enemy and Cypress Loma, called their 2017 nationwide tour the "Brand America Rage Again Tour", using a stage backdrop reminiscent of a MAGA hat.
  • Uk musician and author James Kennedy released a stone protest album in 2020 chosen 'Make Acrimony Peachy Again'[91]
  • Snoop Dogg released a song titled "Brand America Crip Again".[92]
  • Frank Turner released a song called "Brand America Great Again" on his anthology Exist More than Kind (2018).
  • Singer Joy Villa produced a single "Make America Great Over again" a few months subsequently appearing at the 2017 Grammy Awards in a 'MAGA' dress.[93]
  • Rapper Lil Wayne wore a lid saying Make America Skate again in Chance the Rapper's video No Problem
  • Hip Hop Producer Zaytoven released an album titled Make America Trap Once again (2019), with cover art inspired by the Barack Obama "Hope" poster.[94]
  • Russian activists and artists Pussy Riot released a song titled Make America Peachy Once more.[95]
  • Metallic ring Thy Art Is Murder released a song chosen "Make America Hate Again" on their album Human Target (2019). They besides sell a hat with the slogan "Make Deathcore Nifty Over again".

Sports [edit]

  • And so-Washington Nationals baseball outfielder Bryce Harper wore a hat saying "Make Baseball game Fun Again" during a postgame interview in 2016.

Books and Publications [edit]

  • Author Octavia E. Butler used "Make America Not bad Once again" as the presidential entrada slogan for a graphic symbol, Andrew Steele Jarret, in her 1998 dystopian novel, Parable of the Talents.[96] Jarret is described equally "a demagogue, a rabble-rouser, and a hypocrite [who] pulled religion and regime together and cemented the link with coin from rich businessmen".[97]
  • Author Andre Louis wrote and published "Make America Date Again",[98] a satirical volume on dating and relationships.

Goggle box [edit]

  • John Oliver spoofed the slogan on his testify Terminal Week Tonight with John Oliver in a segment defended to Trump, urging viewers to "Make Donald Drumpf Again", in reference to the original bequeathed name of the Trump family.[99] [100] The segment broke HBO viewership records, garnering 85 one thousand thousand views.[100]
  • In the South Park episode "Where My Country Gone?" (2015), supporters of Mr. Garrison, who runs a campaign that is a parody of Trump'due south, are seen property signs begetting the slogan.[101]
  • In the Star Trek: Discovery episode "What'due south Past Is Prologue" (2018), Gabriel Lorca vows to "make the Empire glorious again", a line that was compared to Trump by many reviewers.[102] [103] [104] [105]

Notes [edit]

  1. ^ Pronunciation used by Trump.[1]

References [edit]

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External links [edit]

  • Reagan at the 1980 GOP convention

stoughtonintrotill.blogspot.com

Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Make_America_Great_Again

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